Understanding Skin Cancer
Written by Lordina Yelioni
Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, with cases steadily rising due to increased exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun and artificial sources, such as tanning beds. There are three primary types of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma, each varying in severity and risk.
Types of Skin Cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): The most common form of skin cancer, BCC develops in the skin’s basal cells, found in the lowest layer of the epidermis. Though slow-growing, it can cause significant damage if left untreated .
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC): SCC forms in the outer layers of the skin and can spread to other parts of the body if not caught early. It often appears as a scaly or red patch and can be aggressive .
Melanoma: The deadliest form of skin cancer, melanoma starts in the melanocytes, the cells responsible for skin pigmentation. While less common, it is more likely to spread to other organs, making early detection crucial .
Risk Factors
The primary risk factor for all types of skin cancer is UV exposure. However, other contributors include fair skin, a family history of skin cancer, and having a large number of moles or freckles . Regular exposure to tanning beds also dramatically increases the risk of developing melanoma, especially in young people .
Prevention and Detection
Preventing skin cancer starts with minimising sun exposure, particularly during peak UV hours, and applying broad-spectrum sunscreen regularly. Self-examinations for new or changing skin lesions can help catch early warning signs. Dermatologists recommend the “ABCDE” method to spot melanoma: Asymmetry, Border irregularities, Color changes, Diameter larger than 6mm, and Evolving shape or size .
Conclusion
Skin cancer is preventable and, in many cases, treatable when detected early. Raising awareness about the dangers of UV exposure and the importance of regular skin checks can save lives. Always protect your skin and see a dermatologist if you notice any suspicious changes.
References
Skin Cancer Foundation, "Types of Skin Cancer," 2023.
American Cancer Society, "Skin Cancer Risk Factors," 2023.
Mayo Clinic, "Melanoma Diagnosis and Treatment," 2022.
Written by Lordina Yelioni from MEDILOQUY