Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)
Written by Lahari Chebrolu
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is when an infant’s hip joints do not form properly, due to misplacement of the bones. It can be caused by genetics, when the baby is pulled through the legs, or dislocation during birth. It is mostly prevalent in girls and firstborn children, and 1 in every 1,000 children is affected.
Symptoms of DDH include unequal leg length, limited range of motion, or wrinkled skin around the thigh area. In addition, it affects the body by impairing functions such as walking or running, bringing constant pain, influencing the proper formation of the hip, and decreasing circulation to the lower extremities.
Diagnosis for DDH can be done through ultrasounds, X-rays, and MRI or CT scans. Once diagnosed, treatment can vary based on the age and severity of the disease. Newborns can be placed in a Pavlik harness/brace for three to six months. The brace secures both hips in a stable position and allows the baby to move legs. For six to eighteen-month-olds, a spica cast can be used, and for older children, surgery will be performed.
Overall, although there aren’t ways to prevent developmental dysplasia of the hip, there are several treatment options available.
References
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/developmental-dysplasia-of-the-hip
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17903-hip-dysplasia